In the Alpes-Maritimes region of France, the rate of breast cancer screening has alarmingly declined by 10 percentage points over the past nine years. Despite this downward trend, the incidence of breast cancer continues to rise, positioning France at the forefront of global breast cancer statistics. This situation raises significant concerns about public health and the effectiveness of current awareness campaigns.

As we observe October's "Pink Month" dedicated to breast cancer awareness, it is paradoxical that while various events like marathons and wellness workshops are organized to promote breast cancer awareness, actual participation in screening programs is on the decline. The stark reality is that although awareness activities are thriving, the number of women opting for screening has decreased significantly, which could lead to more advanced cases of the disease.

The Declining Participation in Breast Cancer Screening

Statistics reveal a concerning trend: the participation rate in breast cancer screening in the Alpes-Maritimes has plummeted from 45% in 2016 to a mere 35% in 2025. This decline occurs even as the number of diagnosed breast cancer cases continues to grow. The Ligue contre le cancer estimates that approximately 20,000 cases could potentially be prevented each year through effective screening. The demographic most affected by this decline includes women aged 50 to 55, particularly those living in urban areas, with a higher socio-economic status, who reside near radiology centers.

Identifying the Reasons Behind the Decline

Dr. Catherine Maestro, a radiologist with extensive experience, suggests several factors contributing to this decline in screening rates. One significant issue is the spread of misinformation on social media regarding the mammography process. Many women harbor misconceptions that mammograms are painful or overly invasive.

However, Dr. Maestro assures that advancements in medical technology have made the mammography process much more comfortable. The procedure involves a brief compression of the breast to obtain high-quality images, and the radiation exposure during the exam is minimal and conducted every two years, making it a safe option for regular health checks.

Furthermore, despite the Alpes-Maritimes region having a robust healthcare infrastructure along the coast, the number of radiology practices in cities like Nice has fallen from 65 to 45 over the last decade, leading to longer wait times for appointments—often up to a month. This reduction in available services may discourage women from seeking timely screenings.

Six Vital Reasons to Consider Breast Cancer Screening

1. Screening is Painless and Free of Charge

Many women hesitate to undergo screening due to misconceptions about the process. The reality is that mammograms are not only free but also designed to be as non-invasive as possible. Women aged between 50 and 74 are encouraged to participate in this essential health check every two years. Upon reaching the appropriate age, women receive an invitation letter from the health insurance system, which includes information on how to schedule their mammogram and a list of approved facilities. It is crucial to attend these screenings promptly, as reminders will be sent if no appointment is made within six months of the initial invitation.

2. Getting Screened Provides Peace of Mind

One of the most significant benefits of undergoing regular screening is the reassurance it offers. According to data from the Sud PACA coordination center, out of every 1,000 women screened, 992 do not receive a cancer diagnosis. Only eight women were identified with cancer through the national screening program, highlighting that the vast majority of screenings yield negative results, which can alleviate anxiety for many.

3. Enhanced Precision in Organized Screening Programs

The organization of breast cancer screening has significantly improved in recent years. Since 2019, a more regionalized approach has been implemented, with local departments taking charge of coordination efforts. Mammograms are first examined using digital imaging, and a second opinion is provided by specialized centers in Nice. Here, radiologists review a high volume of images daily, benefiting from specialized training to detect subtle anomalies. This dual-review process increases the likelihood of identifying cancers that may go unnoticed in a single reading, thus improving early detection rates.

4. Early Detection is Key

While the thought of undergoing screening can be daunting, early detection is crucial for successful treatment outcomes. Dr. Maestro emphasizes that a significant proportion of detected cancers are small, often measuring less than one centimeter. These smaller tumors tend to have a better prognosis, leading to higher survival rates. Women are also encouraged to perform regular self-examinations and consult with healthcare providers about any unusual changes in their bodies, thus promoting proactive health management.

5. The Growing Threat of Breast Cancer

Despite advancements in awareness and treatment, the incidence of breast cancer continues to rise, with France currently reporting the highest rates globally. Over the past 30 years, breast cancer diagnoses have doubled, prompting urgent calls for improved lifestyle choices and environmental awareness. While factors such as genetics play a role in approximately 5-10% of cases, the majority of risk factors are linked to environmental influences. Pollution, dietary habits, and exposure to endocrine disruptors found in everyday products are all believed to contribute to this alarming trend.

6. The Role of Artificial Intelligence in Screening

While artificial intelligence (AI) is not yet utilized in the Alpes-Maritimes for breast cancer screening, it is being trialed in neighboring regions. Experts are optimistic about the potential of AI to enhance diagnostic accuracy, as it can analyze images more comprehensively than the human eye. However, the full implementation and integration of this technology require further evaluation to ensure reliability and effectiveness. Recent studies highlight AI's capabilities to predict breast cancer risk based on mammogram data, paving the way for innovative approaches to preventive healthcare.

Conclusion: A Call to Action

In light of these findings, it is imperative for women to prioritize regular breast cancer screenings. The existing protocols not only provide vital health information but also serve as a critical line of defense against a disease that increasingly impacts the lives of women worldwide. Health authorities recommend that women consider beginning screenings before the age of 50 and not to cease these important health checks at 74. Early detection and intervention can save lives, and with the right information and support, women can take charge of their health more effectively.

Ultimately, the conversation around breast cancer screening needs to shift from fear and misinformation to empowerment and proactive health management. The rise in screening participation is essential, not only for individual health but for the broader public health landscape. By embracing regular screenings and staying informed, women can significantly improve their chances of early detection and successful treatment.